A localization strategy explains how a project will strengthen the role, leadership and decision-making power of local and national actors. It should affect who leads, who controls resources, who makes decisions and how capacity is shared.
UNHCR and WHO localization guidance emphasizes meaningful participation, representation, leadership, equitable partnership and stronger local capacity rather than symbolic consultation.
What should localization change?
- Leadership roles.
- Budget control and direct funding where possible.
- Decision-making authority.
- Visibility and representation.
- Capacity sharing.
- Coordination roles.
- Long-term institutional strengthening.
Localization is not subcontracting
A local organization that only implements activities designed and controlled elsewhere may be participating, but that is not the same as meaningful localization.
Build localization into project governance
Define where local actors have real influence over strategy, budgets, adaptation, staffing and community accountability.
Invest in institutional capacity
Capacity strengthening should not focus only on compliance training. It can include governance, finance, fundraising, systems, leadership, MEL and resource mobilization.
Use the Funding Readiness Self-Check to identify organizational systems that may need strengthening before taking on larger direct awards.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does localization mean only local NGOs?
Localization can also involve community-based organizations, refugee-led groups, local authorities and other national actors depending on context.
Does localization require direct funding?
Direct funding is an important dimension, but meaningful leadership and decision-making also matter.
Can international NGOs still have a role?
Yes, especially where they support, share capacity or complement local leadership.
Should localization be measured?
Yes. Track changes in leadership, funding, influence and capacity—not just participation counts.
What is the biggest mistake?
Calling a project localized because a local partner is present without changing power, resources or decisions.
Conclusion
A localization strategy should change how power and resources move through the project. Strong strategies create meaningful local leadership rather than simply adding local implementers to an externally controlled model.
